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The CHECKPOINT
statement forces all the dirty pages for the current database
in memory buffer to be written to disk.
Dirty pages are
data or log pages (a page is 8K) modified after entered into the
buffer cache, but the modifications have not yet been written
to disk.
You would use
CHECKPOINT after you shrank the database using DBCC. Without checkpoint
you may not be able to see the results of the shrinking until
the server does an automatic checkpoint.
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